Where are Tom Simpson and Piney Woods going? The third day came, and the sun, looking through the white-curtained valley, saw the outcasts divide their slowly decreasing store of provisions for the morning meal. Soon, the snowfall accumulates to 20 feet, and the group struggles to find wood to keep up their fires. The four characters get together and leave Poker Flat, heading for a one days journey to a nearby camp. That Hartes Mother Shipton goes by this name associates her with the historical Mother Shiptons foresight. John has shown numerous times in "The Outcasts of PokerFlat", that he is an extraordinarily calm person. Complete your free account to request a guide. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. John is an outstanding person and has some phenomenal traits. " The Outcasts of Poker Flat " (1869) is a short story written by writer of the American West Bret Harte. However, as Mr. Oakhurst seems to be notorious for attempting to preserve innocence (recall his protectiveness of Tom Simson when he lost his gambling match), we might view Mr. Oakhursts omission as another one of these attempts. However, in this passage, Piney also reciprocates that motherly care. If you can hold your cards right along youre all right.. He believes in luck and fate. Certain inhabitants of Poker Flat feel that the community is going down the hill. He started to his feet with the intention of awakening the sleepers, for there was no time to lose. Oakhurst knows that camping is a bad ideathey dont have food or supplies to sustain their journey. Oakhurst is set apart from the masses and antagonized, as he muses that the towns residents are likely out to get him. Oakhurst decides that Tom has to go to get some help and he fixes him some snow shoes. John, the gambler, is an extremely courageous person. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. Resolution of the Outcasts of Poker Flat. He ran to the spot where the mules had been tethered; they were no longer there. Even though the landscape of the Old West can be dangerous, it is also beautiful and captivating, seen here with the wooded amphitheater where the group stops to rest. Oakhurst is not a drinker. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. In hiding her tears from Piney, the Duchess shows how shes grown into a motherly, protective role for Piney. Once again, the landscape of the Old West is both beautiful and hostile, gentle and destructive. They are unaware of the group's status as exiles, and Simson assumes that the Duchess is Oakhurst's wife, to the amusement of Uncle Billy. 'Stand away from the door, all of you,' he commanded. In the middle of the night, Oakhurst wakes up and sees a heavy snowstorm raging. -Graham S. However, the members of the committee who have won money from. 2. This committee decides who will be killed and who expatriated. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. Tom mixes Greek myth with elements of the Western landscape, the result of which is an epic that imbues nature with a godlike strength and power. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. A S Mr. John Oakhurst, gambler, stepped into the main street of Poker Flat on the morning of the twenty-third of November, 1850, he was conscious of a change in its moral atmosphere since the preceding night. John Oakhurst. Furthermore, he discovers that Uncle Billy has been up long before him and now is gone with all their horses and mules. bitter toward committee; "made spasm of virtuous reaction", "lawless and . John Oakhurst serves as a tragic character that occupies a fatal middle ground between innocent and guilty, weak and strong. Analysis of The Outcasts of Poker Flat by John Oakhurst John Oakhurst is the main character in "The Outcasts of Poker Flat". Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. "Temperance House" Although his character is a professional gambler, Oakhurst carries a soft spot for his fellow exiles. Characters Character Analysis Character Map The Outcasts of Poker Flat | Characters Share Context Character Analysis Have study documents to share about The Outcasts of Poker Flat? Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. The Outcasts of Poker Flat 1937 Passed 1 h 7 m IMDb RATING 5.9 /10 220 YOUR RATING Rate Western A California mining camp is plagued by a series of murders. The way the content is organized. In order to reimburse themselves, they call for Oakhurst to be hanged, but the committee members who have managed to win money from Oakhurst suggest that he merely be banished. As a result of this Tom feels positively towards Oakhurst. The Sabbath is a day of rest in Judaism and Christianity, celebrated on Saturdays and Sundays, respectively. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. The character of Jim Wheeler is likely a subtle nod to his long-time friend Mark Twains The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County, whose main characters are Jim Smiley and Simon Wheeler. PDF downloads of all 1699 LitCharts literature guides, and of every new one we publish. The story was first published in January 1869 in the magazine Overland Monthly. He now proposed to narrate the principal incidents of that poemhaving thoroughly mastered the argument and fairly forgotten the wordsin the current vernacular of Sandy Bar. John Oakhurst is the main character in The Outcasts of Poker Flat. Another one of Johns traits is that he is overwhelmingly modest. In "The Outcasts of Poker Flat" by Bret Harte, Mr. Oakhurst's caring personality is . It has recently lost an important resident, a large fortune, and two horses, catalyzing a spasm of virtuous reaction. In an effort to salvage the towns reputation and reinstate a sense of normalcy, a group of powerful Poker Flat residents form a secret committee that decides who stays and who goes, whether by hanging (a fate to which two men have already been sentenced) or by exile. The narrator states that the Duchess and Mother Shipton are aware of Uncle Billys rascality in a way that Tom Simson and Piney Woods are not. Second, it foreshadows a similarly fatal surprise attack, in which Uncle Billy will be at the center. Judgement of Others: The townspeople living in Poker Flats cast judgement on the story's main characters and exile them from the town. Days later, pitying fingers dust the snow off of their faces. In the end, we must understand that nature makes no distinction between the two in whom she takes and whom she doesn't. -People come and find the bodies of Duchess and Piney. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. But turning to where Uncle Billy had been lying, he found him gone. John is an outstanding person and has some phenomenal traits. First of all he shows tons of courage by not getting scared when the travelers and him get snowed in. "He dropped a warning to the Duchess and Mother Shipton, who of course knew the facts of their associate's defection", "The thought of deserting his weaker and more pitiable companions never perhaps occurred to him". Teacher Editions with classroom activities for all 1699 titles we cover. Tom Simons, also called The Innocent has met Oakhurst before. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. Tom is thrilled to see Oakhurst and excitedly introduces his fiance, Piney Woods, to the group. aggressive and combative, the Duchess grows weepy and sentimental, and Mother Shipton falls asleep. A group of armed men, meant specifically to intimidate. Oakhurst and Tom again appear as one anothers foils, as Tom is lighthearted and fails to grasp the gravity of the situation, while Oakhurst is practical and prudent, searching for the trail and hiding the groups alcohol. Complete your free account to request a guide. He risks being caught and prosecuted, going back to jail after having a taste of freedom. Similarly, Piney is immediately characterized as childlike, meek, and pure, setting her apart from the two other womenMother Shipton and the Duchess, both prostitutesin the group. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. The wind quiets down as if not wanting to wake up. These papers were written primarily by students and provide critical analysis of The Outcasts of Poker Flat by Bret Harte. Operas based on The Outcasts of Poker Flats include those by Samuel Adler,[2] Jaromir Weinberger,[3] Stanworth Beckler,[4] and Andrew Earle Simpson. Definitions and examples of 136 literary terms and devices. The footsteps and voices in the passage likely belong to rescuers because of the invocation of the law of Poker Flat, which would suggest that Tom was successful in making it to Poker Flat to get help. In point of fact, Poker Flat was after somebody. It had lately suffered the loss of several thousand dollars, two valuable horses, and a prominent citizen. Once the enemy was certain that the Parthians were retreating, the Parthians would suddenly turn around and shoot them in a merciless surprise attack. [5], Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "The Database of Recorded American Music", "Jaromir Weinberger Outcasts of Poker Flat Opera", "Coming to The Capital Fringe Festival: 'The Outcasts of Poker Flat', https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Outcasts_of_Poker_Flat&oldid=1136860955. (including. Mr. Oakhurst listened with quiet satisfaction. The Outcasts of Poker Flat is a short story by American author Bret Harte, first published in 1869. Its not long before the group is snowed in. Mr. Oakhurst is full of contradiction, hence why he is very interesting. He is cool tempered, even keeled and has a calm manner about him. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. John Oakhurst is the main character in The Outcasts of Poker Flat. However, by now its clear that the Duchess and Piney have died. See in text(The Outcasts of Poker Flat). Most especially he was interested in the fate of Ash-heels, as the Innocent persisted in denominating the swift-footed Achilles.. Once a coarse, abrasive, sour woman, Mother Shipton reveals herself in this passage to be an extraordinarily kind and loving woman, even to the point of self-sacrifice. One of the story's heroes, Oakhurst is occasionally frank but kind in motivation. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. 2 The Duchess refuses to continue moving forward, and the outcasts make camp. homework. Mr. Oakhurst seems to be trying to shield Tom Simson from the dishonorable Uncle Billy. John Adams drafted the Declaration of Independence, and be President at the same time. Poker Flat is in a particularly vulnerable state, nursing the wounds of financial and personal loss. LitCharts Teacher Editions. Afterwards, he told Tom never to play poker again, and returned him his money. Owl Eyes is an improved reading and annotating experience for classrooms, book clubs, and literature lovers. The stoic gambler John Oakhurst shows the most class of all the members of the party in Bret Harte 's short story, " The Outcasts of Poker Flat ." He alone remains silent when the group is. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. The story takes place in a Californian community known as Poker Flat, near the town of La Porte. John just said that he would try, and off he went. The story was first published in January 1869 in the magazine Overland Monthly. Even though the story characterized him earlier as someone who is wholly accepting of fate, his objections in this passage suggest that he draws a line between taking action when one can, and accepting ones circumstances when its the only option left. -Graham S. A member of Poker Flats powerful secret committee that decides who gets to remain at the settlement and who is banished to Sandy Bar, the next town over. Such as that he is unusually calm, courageous, and modest. Watch full movie The Outcasts of Poker Flat: Western movie directed by Christy Cabanne released in 1937. If it where me I probably would have run off like Uncle Billy did. The Outcasts of Poker Flat is a 1952 American Western film directed by Joseph M. Newman and starring Anne Baxter and Dale Robertson. Tom leads the group to an old cabin that he had found, and they spend the night. Another time in which John displayed modesty is when he never boasts of winning all that money during card games. Although their popularity has decreased somewhat over time, the influences they have contributed during their career number of members decreased to four. Despite the grim circumstances. However, we are still given his birth name. Find these two regionalist elements in the story "The Outcasts of Poker Flat." Find and explain one example of each of these two . That night, even music is not enough to distract the group from their bleak situation. John has shown numerous times in The Outcasts of Poker Flat, that he is an extraordinarily calm person. Such as that he is unusually calm, courageous, and modest. The narrator. -Oakhurst leaves wood for Piney and Duchess. During the exiless journey, The Duchess is melodramatic and theatrical, traits that annoy her fellow traveling companions. The Question and Answer section for The Outcasts of Poker Flat is a great The Duchess, whose real name is never revealed, is a prostitute in the Old West settlement of Poker Flat and is exiled for her immorality. Even though Poker Flat branded him as immoral by throwing him in with the other outcasts, it seems that Oakhurst is perhaps not so immoral after all. When Tom loses at cards to John, he has his money returned and receives a warning to never gamble again. Such as that he is unusually calm, courageous, and modest. "made a devoted slave of Tom Simson" The protagonist of the story, John Oakhurst is a serial gambler who is exiled from the Old West settlement of Poker Flat along with three other people whom the town has deemed improper: "My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. Struggling with distance learning? Oakhurst had returned the money and urged Simson to quit gambling, as he was a terrible player. Consequently a secret committee is elected. John oakhurst; poker flat; Mr Oakhurst; 2 pages. ON THE 7TH DECEMBER, 1850. The "law of Poker Flat" finally arrives at the cabin, only to find the Duchess and Piney frozen to death and embracing in a peaceful repose. On the morning of November 23, 1850, a gambler named John Oakhurst walks through Poker Flat, a small mining town in the American West. But not Mr. Oakhurst, he just gave him a swift kick in the stomach. Free Samples and Examples of Essays, Homeworks and any Papers. He and Oakhurst are well acquainted, as Oakhurst won a large fortune from Tom a few months ago but sympathetically returned it to the young man with a stern warning to never gamble again. Instant PDF downloads. The Spaghetti Western Four of the Apocalypse is based on this story and another of Harte's stories, "The Luck of Roaring Camp". The way the content is organized, LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in. The protagonist of the story. 1 John Oakhurst, the Duchess, Mother Shipton, and Uncle Billy are exiled from Poker Flat. analysis enables the finance heads and board of firms to evaluate the cash. The Duchess and Piney cling to one another for warmth, but eventually fall asleep and die of exposure. Tom is referring to poet Alexander Popes neo-classical translation of Homers the, Toms Old West rehashing of Homers epic seems to mythologize the Old West. They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. "anathema" Join for Free As they fall asleep, the Duchess and Piney are still placed into tidy categories of moral and immoral, virgin and prostitute, a dichotomy that the story is about to challenge head on. The momentary excitement brought Mr. Oakhurst back to the fire with his usual calm. Another example of leadership like what occurred in Jersey was a simple man by the name of John Oakhurst. While the narrator states that Uncle Billy was the one that included the whole party in one sweeping anathema, Mother Shipton also eyes Mr. Oakhurst with malevolence. Note that Mr. Oakhursts kind actions failed to draw the party into any closer sympathy. This group of individuals are very divided, either hateful or fearful of one another despite being victims of the same unfortunate circumstance. Four people come under suspicion for the killings and are swiftly run straight out of the camp. They take inventory of their remaining rations and decide that they can stretch their supplies for 10 days if theyre exceedingly careful. AND The tension between immorality and morality rises to the forefront of the story here, as there is a stark difference between how Tom and Piney sing the hymn versus how the others do. Mother Shipton dies so that Piney can eat. Harte leaves this unresolved, forcing readers to form their own interpretation of Oakhursts life and death. Such as that he is unusually calm, courageous, and modest. Nonetheless, the other members of the party seem to treat their situation as a delightful adventure, still unaware of how brutal the landscape of the Old West can be. They played Poker together, and Oakhurst won a great deal of money from him. [] Mr. Oakhurst knew that scarcely half the journey to Sandy Bar was accomplished, and the party were not equipped or provisioned for delay. Instant PDF downloads. This is also a tension that stretches until the very end of the story, as Harte portrays Oakhurst as alternately heroic and passive, strong and weak. Consequently a secret committee is elected. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs "The Outcasts of Poker Flat" is an unflinching look at the way we distinguish between those who are good and those who are not. Those two things to me, show that John Oakhurst is a extremely calm person. Complete your free account to request a guide. Uncle Billy, a "suspected sluice-robber and confirmed drunkard". He even insists on returning Toms money to him after winning at cards. Piney Woods is another conventionally innocent or good character and is referred to by her real name rather than a nickname. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Once again, Oakhurst is portrayed as a kind and ethical man, emphasizing that he doesnt deserve his exile sentence. LitCharts Teacher Editions. Most people would have just told him to stop laughing. In the text, it states the following: "He pulled off his coat. [1] An example of naturalism and local color of California during the first half of the nineteenth century. See in text(The Outcasts of Poker Flat). Teachers and parents! Unlike the other exiles, Harte does not give Billy any redeemable qualities. That hes only suspected of the theft implies that hes gotten away with stealing gold in the past, painting the Old West as a lawless free-for-all. "The Outcasts of Poker Flat" In the beginning of the story titled "The Outcasts of Poker Flat" readers find that the main character John Oakhurst is not as simplistic as he seems he is rather a complex individual that ultimately reflects realism because of how readers can relate to his life. the grim circumstances, Piney and Tom spend their days gazing contentedly into one anothers eyes. we are introduced to the main characters, including John Oakhurst, a professional gambler; Mother Shipton, a prostitute; Uncle Billy, a drunkard; and Tom Simson, a young man in love with a woman named Piney Woods . -Piney and Duchess die. Refine any search. After hours of traveling, Oakhursts companions get tired, and despite his remonstrances they decide to stop and rest. I regret to say that some of these were ladies. The Outcasts of Poker Flat study guide contains a biography of Bret Harte, literature essays, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. He had a perfect opportunity too when he met The innocent on their adventures. Teach your students to analyze literature like LitCharts does. Indeed, Poker Flat is after somebody. The settlement has recently suffered greatly, somehow losing several thousand dollars, two prized horses, and an important resident. In looking out at Poker Flat and cursing it vehemently, then, it seems that Mother Shipton is aware that her own end will be a tragic one. A few of the committee had urged hanging him as a possible example, and a sure method of reimbursing themselves from his pockets of the sums he had won from them. The Covenanters were a Scottish Presbyterian group who called for separation from the Church of Englandthey believed that Jesus was the head of the Church, not the king. (including. The group takes Tom up on his offer and makes camp. John Oakhurst Main character Expert gambler Banished from Poker Flat Traveling to Sandy Bar with Mother Shipton, The Duchess, and Uncle Billy Commits suicide at the end of the story Tom Simson Nickname: "The Innocent" Traveling to Poker Flat with lover, Piney, to get married Continues the venture to Poker Flat in the snow for Teachers and parents! "He dropped a warning to the Duchess and Mother Shipton, who of course knew the facts of their associate's defection" John had run-ins with the law three times. The story follows a group of exiled individuals who are forced to leave the town of Poker Flat due to their perceived immorality or deviant behavior. On the day of his exile, Oakhurst finds himself in the company of three other improper persons: two prostitutes who go by the names Mother Shipton and the Duchess, as well as a drunkard and suspected thief called Uncle Billy. After the group buries. However, Oakhursts concerns about stopping speak to the tension between natures beauty and sheer power that runs throughout the story. John has shown numerous times in "The Outcasts of Poker Flat", that he is an extraordinarily . The outcasts make their way to Sandy Bar, the next town over, which isnt as refined as Poker Flat and is therefore likely to be more welcoming to the outcasts. She forms a close bond with The Duchess. Although Oakhurst does lie and strategically omit information from Piney and Tom, he does so to protect them. Harte's story has been brought to film at least five times, including in 1919 with Harry Carey, in 1937 with Preston Foster, and in 1952 with Dale Robertson. In death, the Duchess is no longer defined by her profession as a prostitute or characterized as frail or tired. Several men on the committee have lost money to Oakhurst, and they are irate. That the committee members are deeply biased further suggests that the towns moral compass is not to be trusted. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. All improper persons must be done away with, whether in the form of hanging or exile. Lisez The Outcasts of Poker Flat and Other Tales en Ebook sur YouScribe - The story takes place in a Californian community known as Poker Flat, near the town of La Porte. As its unaccustomed to Sabbath influencesmeaning religion more broadly, and a day of rest specificallyit seems that Poker Flat is perhaps a noisy, unstructured, rowdy place. Tom Simson, a nave young man who has run away from the Sandy Bar mining camp with Piney Woods and intends to marry her at Poker Flat. Some months before he had chanced upon a stray copy of Mr. Popes ingenious translation of the Iliad. Don't try it over again." Name two and analyze why the town did not want them there. The novel is about four protagonists who were exiled by the townspeople because of their immoral behavior and habits. Though perhaps theres nothing he can do about his situation right nowhes surrounded by towering walls of snowit still seems striking that he coolly accepts his death. "Piney Woods" John Oakhurst is a very interesting character, he is a very strong, well reserved man and a great leader.Yet at the same time he is the weakest of the outcasts. Only Mother Shiptononce the strongest of the partyseemed to sicken and fade. The group begins to spruce up their dilapidated cabin, while, pines in the caon seemed to bow to the wrath of the son of Peleus.. It was one of the peculiarities of that mountain climate that its rays diffused a kindly warmth over the wintry landscape, as if in regretful commiseration of the past. The fact that hes being punished so harshly on the basis of suspicion (plus his drunkenness, which doesnt seem to be debated) simultaneously suggests that the Old West is harsh, authoritarian, and unforgiving. But at the head of the gulch, on one of the largest pine-trees, they found the deuce of clubs pinned to the bark with a bowie knife. As he doesnt drink (it clashes with his profession as a gambler, which requires him to always have clear senses and sharp decision-making skills) Oakhurst remains on the fringes, watching the group quietly. The Duchess becomes the child in need of protection, hinting at the transformative effect Pineys friendship has. The narrative describes these exiles as working in unfavorable professions: John is a gambler, the two women are prostitutes. That to me shows extreme calmness. In the wake of this tragedy, the residents of Poker Flat have become whipped up into a spasm of virtuous reaction, just as wild and out of control as whatever people or actions brought such chaos to the town in the first place. Once again, Oakhurst is the clear voice of reason in the grouphe is calm but firm, and he draws on his experience as a gambler to make sense of the situation. Harte suggests that the line between good and evil is not nearly as sharp as we often think. " Two or three men, conversing earnestly together, ceased as he approached, and exchanged significant glances." c. His appallingly bad card playing abilities reflect his pure, innocent nature. Piney Woods used to work in a temperance housean occupation traditionally held in higher moral esteem than some of the occupations of her present company. He did not waken the sleepers. resource to ask questions, find answers, and discuss thenovel. They look so peaceful and innocent, that when the law of Poker Flat finds them, they are unable to tell which one is the sinner, so they turn away and let them be. Copy of -The Outcasts of Poker Flat- worksheet.pdf. During a blizzard they take refuge in an isolated cabin, and conflicts break out among them. Our, "Sooo much more helpful thanSparkNotes. Oakhurst is faced with the latter punishment. a. However, Oakhurst is characterized as an exceedingly calm man who is accepting of his circumstanceseven his sense that the town is after him isnt enough to make him feel panicked. PDFs of modern translations of every Shakespeare play and poem. All you know about it for certain is that its bound to change. While hes usually on the fringes of the group, silently looking on with an unreadable expression, this moment reveals that hes actually a deeply lonely man who seems to long for a sense of community and belonging. He is described as a virgin who encounters the exiles while traveling with Piney Woods to get married. After a week in the cabin, Mother Shipton dies, having secretly and altruistically starved herself in order to give her rations to Piney. However, several members of Poker Flats secret committee gambled against Oakhurst, yet those people werent cast out of Poker Flat. [1] The screenplay is based on a short story of the same name by Bret Harte. Learn more. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. Furthermore, while the nicknames of the outcasts have either neutral or negative connotations, Tom Simsons nickname is generally considered positive and reminds us that he is not a part of the banished group. The Outcasts of Poker Flat is a well-written short story. Tom is the very picture of bubbly, boyish innocence and enthusiasm, making him a foil for the serious, strong, and silent Oakhurst who has weathered many hardships. The Duchess, more cheerful than she had been, assumed the care of Piney. A decision is made for everyone to stay the night together, and the group takes shelter in a half-built cabin Simson has discovered. From the outset, the story is concerned with morality and immorality, a dichotomy that Harte will complicate as he unveils his main characters. Find full texts with expert analysis in our extensive library. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. Detailed explanations, analysis, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts. The tension between natures beauty and power reappears here, as Tom naively positions their time in the mountains as a jaunty camping trip among friends rather than a fight for survival. No longer simply stealing gold from other peoples sluices, Uncle Billy commits a far worse crime in stealing the groups mules. The exiless journey, the two women are prostitutes that some of these were.... 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Questions, find answers, and citation info for every important quote on LitCharts days if theyre exceedingly careful and! Time in which Uncle Billy, a large fortune, and discuss thenovel the was. Before the group jail after having a taste of freedom questions, find answers, and more center., that he is unusually calm, courageous, and the group takes Tom up on offer! Won a great deal of the outcasts of poker flat john oakhurst analysis from, courageous, and more and leave Poker,! Muses that the Duchess is melodramatic and theatrical, traits that annoy her traveling., to the group to an Old cabin that he would try, and the group to Old... A short story of the nineteenth century naturalism and local color of California during exiless. On a short story by American author Bret Harte, first published in January 1869 in the magazine Monthly. Unfortunate circumstance all he shows tons of courage by not getting scared when the travelers and get... 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