Numbers on top of the maps: linkage group (LG); numbers on the left side of each LG: genetic distance (cM); numbers on the right side of each LG: marker name. Each dot corresponds to a RADSeq marker. Murat F, Zhang R, Guizard S, Flores R, Armero A, Pont C, Steinbach D, Quesneville H, Cooke R, Salse J. The RADSeq libraries were constructed using a modified protocol described by Wang et al. to fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): I. Strengths: Shade tolerance, drought tolerance, cold tolerance, traffic tolerance, and low fertilization requirement. The average interval of individual LG ranged from 0.31cM (LG12) to 1.09cM (LG3), and the length of individual LG varied from 51.73cM (LG14) to 130.62cM (LG7). 2015;47(12):143546. Zoysia matrella is the most widely distributed Zoysia species, extending from Japan (southern Kyushu to the Ryuku Islands) . Turf Finder | Primo Zoysia | Zoysia | Turf Finder For each sorghum chromosome, we identified two orthologous LGs in Z. matrella, reinforcing the tetraploid genome nature of Z. matrella. CAS The leaves of this grass are coarse in texture and are a light green in color. Although Zoysia was originally brought over at the beginning of the 20th century, it only became popular as turfgrass during the 1980s. Nuclear DNA content of some important plant species. Slower than other grass to establish. N.N. PubMed It requires more fertilizer applications throughout the growing season, and frequent mowing improves the quality of a Zoysia lawn. 2011;51(4):177483. Turfgrass fertilization programs can vary from site to site. Core aeration can also alleviate light to medium thatch problems. Zoysiagrass will turn brown with the first fall frost and remain dormant during the winter. Larvae survivorship was measured at 7-, 10-, and 17-day-old larvae. Mapping with RAD (restriction-site associated DNA) markers to rapidly identify QTL for stem rust resistance in Lolium perenne. Five SDRs were detected on LGs5, 8, 16, 17, and 20 and three of these SDRs were located near the ends of the LGs (Fig. These high-resolution maps also provide us important tools for detection of QTLs associated with economically and agronomically important traits. in Plant Resources of South-East Asia. The Gap <5cM value, which reflects linkage degree between adjacent markers, was 98 and 99% for Diamond and Cavalier genetic maps, respectively. Here's what you need to know about Zoysia matrella I love Zoysia matrella and I love it's natural forming waves, particularly on a sloping site such as the one in front of my house. The pineapple genome and the evolution of CAM photosynthesis. Your US state privacy rights, The major QTLs associated with FAW resistance will be validated using different mapping populations and a large germplasm collection, which will help refine estimates of the genetic structure of FAW resistance in zoysiagrass. 2014;15:372. Camacho C, Coulouris G, Avagyan V, Ma N, Papadopoulos J, Bealer K, Madden TL. 2011;12:4. Overall, the frequency distribution of the mortality rate of larvae fed leaf tissue from each individual of the mapping population exhibited non-normal distribution (Additional file 11: Figure S4). No FAW larvae were observed to be able to survive more than 17days on Cavalier [8]. [18]. 2011;107(2):3215. Google Scholar. Anderson WF, Snook ME, Johnson AW. These chemicals also appear to decompose into inert chemicals within 1530 days under moist soil conditions.[7]. In general, the middle sections of LGs contained the highest density of markers, while, both ends of each LG had the lowest density of markers. Zoysia Matrella - Acacia Turf Everything You Need to Know About Zoysia Grass | Wikilawn Google Scholar. It is one of the most ascetically appealing of all turf grasses and suits presentation . The rate of establishment is very slow. Compared with other existing grass species, the modern rice (n=12) genome has retained the karyotype structure of the n=12 ancestral genome the most [26, 27, 29, 36]. Vandepoele K, Simillion C, Van de Peer Y. Genome size dynamics and evolution in monocots. + 1 778-244-4107 The mapping population was planted in pots and maintained in a greenhouse at Texas A&M AgriLife Research Center at Dallas, Texas, USA. It has a finer leaf texture than Z. japonica, is less cold tolerant, and is a slower grower. This may be why I have had such great success. Core aeration will also remove some thatch, so as long as the thatch buildup isnt too thick, this may be all that you need to do. Effort has been made to map FAW resistance in zoysiagrass by Jessup et al. LG17 (total length 124.2cM) contained 5 distorted markers between 78.9cM and 95cM without changing the length of the LG. Interestingly, the paleo-ancestral chromosomes 9 and 10 served as invading chromosomes in the NCF events in both Z. matrella and sorghum lineages. Fla Entomol. Crop Sci. If you mow frequently (even weekly), cut it on the shorter side. japonica (Steud.) 2009;106(37):157805. Formosa: 80 (1928) Zoysia pungens var . (XLSX 187 kb), Detailed genetic map of Cavalier. Genetics. Zoysiagrass can be difficult to mow due to its thickness and leaf composition. Phenotypic data which includes mortality rate of the 7-, 10-, and 17-day-old FAW larvae for each individual and the genetic map of Cavalier were used for QTL analysis with MapQTL 5 [25]. In addition, the use of pest-resistant or tolerant varieties can help to reduce pesticide application and meet the increasing strict environmental quality and safety standards. 4). Genome Res. Zoysia Matrella grows slowly and always looks inviting. The remaining 70 individuals were used for linkage map construction. A reel type mower is recommended, but a rotary mower can be used if the blades are sharpened on a regular basis and the cutting height is set at 2 inches. All the RADSeq sequences can be accessed through the NCBI SRA database under BioProject Accession PRJNA312939 (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/312939). Studies have shown that leaf tensile strength and lignin concentration were positively correlated with FAW resistance in varieties such as Cavalier and Emerald [50]. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-016-2969-7, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-016-2969-7. Among the 2,462 single-dose SNP markers selected for linkage analysis in Diamond, 2,455 (99.7% of the input markers) of them were grouped into 20 major LGs with a LOD score 7, 1 marker remained as singleton, and 6 markers were assigned to 2 small LGs with 4 and 2 markers for each LG, respectively. PubMed Interestingly, the two invaded chromosomes, 2 and 6 in Chloridoideae, and 3 and 7 in Panicoideae, were paired homologous chromosomes, suggesting the NCF process might be facilitated by the specific structure of the complex formed between the paired homologous chromosomes. Similarly, two loci on LG8 at 50cM and 50.3cM were detected by 10-day and 17-day data sets, not by 7-day data set, suggesting this locus might provide resistance to FAW at the relatively late insect growth and developmental stages. The 1889 book 'The Useful Native Plants of Australia records that this plant is "A grass of considerable value on littoral swamps and dry flats near the sea. Genetically mapped high-density RAD tags provide anchor points for comparative genomics analysis between Z. matrella and other grass species. Develops into a desirable turf in warm areas but turns brown with frost in cooler areas. Leisure Time zoysia is a relatively new cultivar that is promoted to be tolerant of shade, heat, cold and drought. Markers that are heterozygous in Cavalier and homozygous in Diamond were selected to construct Cavalier linkage groups. There are several species and cultivars of zoysiagrass available that can be used in differing aspects of the landscape. It can be mowed short to achieve a bowling green appearance, between 20mm and 30mm or left un-mown as a feature grass. Identification of SNP and SSR markers in eggplant using RAD tag sequencing. Qingyi Yu. Molecular phylogenies disprove a hypothesized C4 reversion in Eragrostis walteri (Poaceae). It has a rapid spread by stolons/rhizomes and has a deep, thick root structure. Rapid SNP Discovery and Genetic Mapping Using Sequenced RAD Markers. 2011;1(3):17182. The x-axis indicates the genetic location of RADSeq markers on Diamond linkage groups in centiMorgans (cM); the y-axis indicates the physical position of markers on sorghum chromosomes in megabases. For each sorghum chromosome, we identified two homologous LGs, eg. Filtered reads were then subjected to build stacks using USTACKS module. BEP, Bambusoideae-Ehrhartoidea-Pooideae; CF, chromosome fusion; cM, centiMorgan; FAW, fall armyworm; KW, Kruskal-Wallis; LG, linkage group; Mya, million years ago; NCF, nested chromosomal fusion; NGS, next-generation sequencing; PACCMAD, Panicoideae-Aristidoideae-Centhothecoideae-Chloridoideae-Micrairoideae-Arundinoideae-Danthoideae; QTL, quantitative trait loci; RADSeq, restriction site-associated DNA sequencing; RCB, randomized complete block; SDA, single-dose allele; SDR, segregation distortion region; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; WGD, whole genome duplication. In addition, the secondary metabolite luteolin-3 was found in zoysiagrass that has an inverse relationship with FAW mortality, while luteolin-9 was positively correlated with FAW mortality in zoysiagrass [51]. Cultivars of Z. matrella typically have good to excellent shade tolerance and salt tolerance. (XLS 119 kb), Syntenic relationship of Cavalier linkage groups and rice chromosomes. Smith), is a destructive pest in over 60 plant species, including the major cool-season and warm-season turfgrasses, corn, wheat, rice, sugarcane, and sorghum [3]. Hale TC, White RH, Reinert JA, Snook ME. backyardproscontact@gmail.com Zoysia | SpringerLink JAR conducted in vitro insect feeding bioassays. Family Name: Poaceae (Gramineae) Synonyms: Zoysia tenuifolia Thiele: Common Name: No Mow Grass, Mascarene Grass, Korean Velvet Grass Shade tolerance N/A. Zoysia matrella - Plants of the World Online | Kew Science The rate of establishment is very slow. Medium resistance to insects and disease. This is the zoysia often advertised as the super grass in newspapers and magazines. Zoysia matrella: This species of zoysiagrass is often called Manilagrass as it was introduced from Manila in the early 1900s. Single application rates should range from 0.5 to 1 lb of N per 1,000 ft2 applied during the summer growing season. Five OX-ZmPDI transgenic lines and wild-type plants were cultured in porous PVC tubes (height 40 cm, diameter 10 cm) filled with sand, and each material was cultured in 8 tubes. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
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