Many more buildings were planned. The house had a studio were Hitler (see Hitler parents) often came to draw his . Albert Speer Jr., one of the most important German architects and urban planners, died unexpectedly on September 15, 2017 in Frankfurt. At the southern end of the avenue, a great triumphal arch, almost 400 feet (120m) high and able to fit the Arc de Triomphe inside its opening, was planned. like so many other Germans his body was never found or returned to . [21] As Chancellor, Hitler had a residence in the building and came by every day to be briefed by Speer and the building supervisor on the progress of the renovations. For propaganda Hitler claimed during the topping-out ceremony on 2 August 1938, that he had ordered Speer to complete the new chancellery that year. Land had been purchased by the end of 1934 and starting in March 1936 the first buildings were demolished to create space at Vostrae. [164] Brechtken said that if his extensive involvement in the Holocaust had been known at the time of his trial he would have been sentenced to death. He had walked more than 30,000 kilometres (19,000mi), ending his sentence near Guadalajara, Mexico. There were so many corpses at the Dora underground factory, for example, that the crematorium was overwhelmed. Startseite; Cytologie. Speer provided Hitler with a memorandum on 15 March, which detailed Germany's dire economic situation and sought approval to cease demolitions of infrastructure. Prisoners worked for Junkers, Messerschmitt, Henschel and BMW, among others. In 1937, Hitler appointed Speer as General Building Inspector for Berlin. Speer's Heidelberg school offered rugby football, unusual for Germany, skiing, and Speer was a participant. Speer, Albert (1905-81). Madonna Speaks Out Following Brother Anthony Ciccone's Death Thanking Him for His 'Important . [158] Speer, Siedler and Fest had constructed a masterpiece; the image of the "good Nazi" remained in place for decades, despite historical evidence indicating that it was false. It is primarily based on the memoirs of Gertraud "Traudl" Junge ( Alexandra Maria Lara ), one of Hitler's secretaries, and is one of the most accurate portrayals of the last, desperate days of the Third Reich and its effects on the Fhrer, his closest aides, and ordinary Germans. Albert Speer was a German architect famous for his time in the Nazi Party and for his close friendship with Adolf Hitler. [152], After his release from Spandau, Speer portrayed himself as the "good Nazi". "[4] Martin Kitchen's 2015 biography of Speer comes to much the same conclusion. He was found guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity, principally for the use of slave labor, narrowly avoiding a death sentence. Then it was too late; Germany had been destroyed. [16][b] The same year, with stipends shrinking amid the Depression, Speer surrendered his position as Tessenow's assistant and moved to Mannheim, hoping to make a living as an architect. His first draft was written from March 1953 to 26 December 1954. (Black and white photographs from Albert Speer: His Battle With Truth by Gitta Sereny, published by Picador) To date, the foundation has given more than 500,000 in grants to more than 100 Jewish women for projects. His mother died in 1952. [5], Another kind of criticism is the claim that Speer pretended that he was unaware of the extermination camps and presented the figure of a "good Nazi". In consequence, despite tank production having the highest priority, relatively little of the armaments budget was spent on it. Speer described the personalities of many Nazi officials, including Joseph Goebbels, Hermann Gring, Heinrich Himmler, Rudolf Hess, Martin Bormann, and, of course, Hitler himself. According to Speer's daughter Hilde Schramm, "One by one my sister and brothers gave up. His sentence of twenty years amounted to 7,305 days, which only allotted one and a half days per book. [173] In 2005, The Daily Telegraph reported that documents had surfaced indicating that Speer had approved the allocation of materials for the expansion of Auschwitz concentration camp after two of his assistants inspected the facility on a day when almost a thousand Jews were massacred. Albert Speer (n.Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer, 19 martie 1905 d. 1 septembrie 1981) a fost un arhitect german care a fost, pentru o parte din al Doilea Rzboi Mondial, ministrul al narmrii i produciei de rzboi pentru al Treilea Reich.Speer a fost arhitectul preferat al lui Adolf Hitler, nainte de a ocupa posturi ministeriale.i-a asumat responsabilitatea pentru crimele . The relationship will always amaze. In September 1945, he was told that he would be tried for war crimes, and several days later, he was moved to Nuremberg and incarcerated there. [130] Speer also read, studied architectural journals, and brushed up on English and French. A lbert Speer was born in 1905 in Mannheim to an upper-middle-class family that had benefited from Germany's meteoric economic growth. The existing Berlin railroad termini were to be dismantled, and two large new stations built. At the end of July 1942, a lack of fuel brought Paulus to a halt at Kalach. [46] Eventually, 75,000 Jews were displaced by these measures. Despite his opposition to the 20 July plot, he falsely claimed in his memoirs to have been sympathetic to the plotters. [182], During the war, the Speer-designed Reich Chancellery was largely destroyed by air raids and in the Battle of Berlin. [9] In 1925, he transferred again, this time to the Technical University of Berlin where he studied under Heinrich Tessenow, whom Speer greatly admired. [125] He had completed his memoirs by November 1953, which became the basis of Inside the Third Reich. The myth began to fall apart in the 1980s, when the armaments miracle was attributed to Nazi propaganda. Speer was born in Mannheim, into an upper-middle-class family. Once Speer became aware of the existence of the fund, he sent detailed instructions about what to do with the money. [114], The chief United States prosecutor, Robert H. Jackson, of the U.S. Supreme Court said, "Speer joined in planning and executing the program to dragoon prisoners of war and foreign workers into German war industries, which waxed in output while the workers waned in starvation. The exterior walls survived, but they were eventually dismantled by the Soviets. [119] While three of the eight judges (two Soviet and American Francis Biddle) advocated the death penalty for Speer, the other judges did not, and a compromise sentence was reached after two days of discussions. Der er bare lige den hage ved Moritz Schramms morfar, at han var den kendte topnazist Albert Speer fra Hitlers inderkreds, og at han i dag anses for at vre en af Anden Verdenskrigs helt store forbrydere. [121] There he was known as Prisoner Number Five. Speer asked Wolters to destroy the material he had omitted from his donation but Wolters refused and retained an original copy. Figlio e nipote di architetti, Spee. Study now. Speer went on to quote Hitler as telling him privately after the remilitarization of the Rhineland, "We will create a great empire. [137], Speer's release from prison was a worldwide media event. [92] The rockets were built at an underground factory at Mittelwerk. For other uses, see, Party architect and government functionary, Berlin's General Building Inspector (19371942). Described by associates as ice cold. [20], Shortly after Hitler came into power, he began to make plans to rebuild the chancellery. [113] Speer was indicted on four counts: participating in a common plan or conspiracy for the accomplishment of crime against peace; planning, initiating and waging wars of aggression and other crimes against peace; war crimes; and crimes against humanity. This image dominated his historiography in the decades following the war, giving rise to the "Speer Myth": the perception of him as an apolitical technocrat responsible for revolutionizing the German war machine. After the war, Speer was among the 24 "major war criminals" arrested and charged with the crimes of the Nazi regime at the Nuremberg trials. By July 1943 Speer's armaments propaganda became irrelevant because a catalogue of dramatic defeats on the battlefield meant the prospect of losing the war could no longer be hidden from the German public. [44] The chancellery was completed in early January 1939. [139] Although he stated he hoped to resume an architectural career, his sole project, a collaboration for a brewery, was unsuccessful. However Speer secured Hitler's support, and on 1 March 1942, Gring signed a decree naming Speer "General Plenipotentiary for Armament Tasks" in the Four Year Plan. Born 1906 [location unknown] Ancestors. By Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie. Speer was appalled by this order, and persuaded several key military and political leaders to ignore it. His formal title was changed on 2 September 1943, to "Reich Minister for Armaments and War Production". Reporters and photographers crowded both the street outside Spandau and the lobby of the Hotel Berlin where Speer spent the night. Hitler appointed Speer, whose work for Goebbels had impressed him, to manage the building site for Troost. Three days later, he also proposed to Hitler that Germany's remaining military resources be concentrated along the Rhine and Vistula rivers in an attempt to prolong the fighting. Inside the Third Reich (German: Erinnerungen, "Memories") is a memoir written by Albert Speer, the Nazi Minister of Armaments from 1942 to 1945, serving as Adolf Hitler's main architect before this period. Speer, Jr., an eighty-two-year-old with a perennially serious expression and a fondness for energetic hand motions, is one of Germany's best-known urban planners. Stalingrad was a classic example where he refused to provide the equipment necessary to supply his army on the Eastern front during the terrible winter of 1941. Germany's armaments production had already begun to result in increases under his predecessor, Todt. [154] In his memoirs and interviews, he had distorted the truth and made so many major omissions that his lies became known as "myths". She was a kind and simple lady, living for her children. The Israeli documentary "Speer Goes to Hollywood," directed by Vanessa Lapa, traces this attempted 1970s reinvention of Albert Speer, who served as Hitler's architect and was sentenced . Fun facts: before fame, family life, popularity rankings, and more. After the disasters of the battle of Moscow (Operation Typhoon) and even after Stalingrad Germany manages to greatly increase its military production, even though the allies were launching a major bombing campaign against them. [120], On 18 July 1947, Speer was transferred to Spandau Prison in Berlin to serve his prison term. A close ally of Adolf Hitler, he was convicted at the Nuremberg trials and sentenced to 20 years in prison. Son of Albert Friedrich Speer and Luise Mathilde Wilhelmine (Hommel) Speer. [136] Speer served a full term and was released at midnight on 1 October 1966. This carried with it the rank of State Secretary in the Reich government and gave him extraordinary powers over the Berlin city government. Das Cytoskelett; Vergleich Pflanzenzelle - Tierzelle: Unterschiede und Gemeinsamkeiten; Vergleich der Eigenschaften von prokaryotischen und eukaryotischen Zellen [124], The prisoners were forbidden to write memoirs. [49] Martin Kitchen described Speer's often repeated line that he knew nothing of the "dreadful things" as hollowbecause not only was he fully aware of the fate of the Jews he was actively participating in their persecution. His father, who died in 1947, despised the Nazis and was silent upon meeting Hitler. Of the 60,000 people who ended up at the camp 20,000 died, due to the appalling conditions. He was credited with a dramatic increase in the shipment of arms that was widely reported as keeping Germany in the war. Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer, commonly known as Albert Speer (March 19, 1905 - September 1, 1981), was an architect, author and high-ranking Nazi German government official, sometimes called "the first architect of the Third Reich ." Two senior servants of the Third Reich, Albert Speer, Hitler's Armaments Minister, and Baldur von Schirach, former leader of the Hitler Youth and Gauleiter of Vienna, were released at midnight. I knew that these must be Berlin Jews who were being evacuated. [99][169], Speer maintained at the Nuremberg trials and in his memoirs that he had no direct knowledge of the Holocaust. By the autumn of 1942 however, the estimated period for developing a weapon had increased to three to four years, much too long to affect the war. For Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, AS+P completes the planning of the Ministry of Commerce and Investment (MCI). After August 1944, oil from the Romanian fields was no longer available. 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